DYNAMICS OF CIRCULATING IMMUNE COMPLEXES AND THEIR MOLECULAR COMPOSITION IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF PATIENTS WITH ACUTE THROMBOPHLEBITIS IN VARICOSE VEINS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES AND THEIR CORRECTION WITH THE ADMINISTRATION OF NUCLEX

Abstract

The article presents a study of the dynamics of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and their molecular composition in the blood serum of patients with acute thrombophlebitis associ- ated with varicose disease of the lower extremities (ATVLE). The authors emphasize that this pathology is accompanied by significant immune disturbances that promote the progression of inflammation, thrombus formation, and the development of secondary complications. Special attention is given to medium- and low-molecular-weight CIC fractions, which exhibit high pathogenicity and prolonged circulation in the bloodstream. The study involved 52 patients divided into two groups: the main group, which received the immunomodulatory drug Nuxlex in addition to standard therapy, and a comparison group treated only with conventional conservative methods. Before treatment, all patients showed a pronounced increase in total CIC levels and a shift in their molecular spectrum, with a pre-dominance of the most toxic medium- and low-molecular-weight complexes. Administration of Nuxlex resulted in a significant reduction in total CIC concentration, normalization of the molecular fraction distribution, and restoration of values to physiological norms. In contrast, patients in the comparison group demonstrated only minor improvements, and several immu- nological disorders persisted after therapy. These findings indicate that incorporating Nuxlex into the therapeutic regimen for ATVLE enhances the effectiveness of immune correction, reduces the intensity of immune- complex-mediated reactions, and promotes the restoration of immune homeostasis. The authors recommend including Nuxlex in rehabilitation protocols for patients with acute thrombophle- bitis and highlight the need for further research on its effects on additional components of the immune system.